English Grammar and Usage
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This is a list of contractions used in the English language.


Notable contractions

Contraction Meaning
ain't am not; are not; is not; has not; have not[1]
aren't are not; am not[2]
can't

cannot2                                                        

can't've cannot have
'cause because
could've could have
couldn't could not
couldn't've could not have
didn't did not
doesn't does not
don't do not[3]
hadn't had not
hadn't've had not have
hasn't has not
haven't have not
he'd he had / he would
he'd've he would have
he'll he shall / he will
he'll've he shall have / he will have
he's he has / he is
how'd how did
how'd'y[4][
how'll how will
how's how has / how is / how does
I'd I had / I would
I'd've I would have
I'll I shall / I will
I'll've I shall have / I will have
I'm I am
I've I have
isn't is not
it'd it had / it would
it'd've it would have
it'll it shall / it will
it'll've it shall have / it will have
it's it has / it is
let's let us
ma'am madam
mayn't may not
might've might have
mightn't might not
mightn't've might not have
must've must have
mustn't must not
mustn't've must not have
needn't need not
needn't've need not have
o'clock of the clock
oughtn't ought not
oughtn't've ought not have
shan't shall not
sha'n't [6] shall not
shan't've shall not have
she'd she had / she would
she'd've she would have
she'll she shall / she will
she'll've she shall have / she will have
she's she has / she is
should've should have
shouldn't should not
shouldn't've should not have
so've so have
so's so as / so is
that'd that would / that had
that'd've that would have
that's that has / that is
there'd there had / there would
there'd've there would have
there's there has / there is
they'd they had / they would
they'd've they would have
they'll they shall / they will
they'll've they shall have / they will have
they're they are
they've they have
to've to have
wasn't was not
we'd we had / we would
we'd've we would have
we'll we will
we'll've we will have
we're we are
we've we have
weren't were not
what'll what shall / what will
what'll've what shall have / what will have
what're what are
what's what has / what is
what've what have
when's when has / when is
when've when have
where'd where did
where's where has / where is
where've where have
who'll who shall / who will
who'll've who shall have / who will have
who's who has / who is
who've who have
why's why has / why is
why've why have
will've will have
won't will not
won't've will not have
would've would have
wouldn't would not
wouldn't've would not have
y'all you all
y'all'd you all would
y'all'd've you all would have
y'all're you all are
y'all've you all have
you'd you had / you would
you'd've you would have
you'll you shall / you will
you'll've you shall have / you will have
you're you are
you've you have
noun followed by 's "noun is" or "noun has"

Not yet notable contractions

9988 Meaning
even'er even more
to'e'rn't'o'e to be or not to be
we'n't we don't
noun followed by 'll "noun shall" or "noun will"
plural noun followed by 'er "plural noun are"
this followed by an apostrophe followed by the last 2 letters in noun "this noun"
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